H5927. alah

עָלָה‎₈₉₀ verb go up, ascend, climb (Late Hebrew id.; MI^33(?); Phoenician עלה‎; Assyrian elû; Arabic ; ᵑ7‎ and Syriac in derived species; compare perhaps Ethiopic (for Di⁵⁴); Sabean עלי‎ = DHM^{ZMG xxxvii. 415}, compare עלוהו‎ = SabDenkm⁹¹); —

Qal Perfect3masculine singular ׳ע‎ Genesis 19:15 +; 3 feminine singular עָֽלְתָה‎ 40:10 +; עָלָ֑תָה‎ Jeremiah 14:2; 1 Samuel 1:22; 2masculine singular עָלִיתָ‎ Genesis 49:4 +, etc.; Imperfect3masculine singular יַעֲלֶה‎ 2:6 +, יַ֫עַל‎ 44:33 +, וַיַּעַל‎ 13:1 +; suffix יַעֲלֶנָּה‎ Isaiah 35:9, etc.; Infinitive absolute עָלֹה‎ Genesis 46:4 2t.; construct עֲלוֺת‎ 32:25 +, etc.; Imperative עֲלֵה‎ 35:1 +; feminine singular עֲלִי‎ Numbers 21:17 +, plural עֲלוּ‎ Genesis 44:17 +; Participle עֹלֶה‎ 38:13 +; עוֺלֶה‎ Isaiah 24:18 +, plural עֹלִים‎ Genesis 28:12 +, etc.; —

1 of persons, go up, ascend, in local relations:

a. from low place to high, with מִמִּצְרַיִם מִן,‎ Genesis 45:25 (E) + 6 t.; מצרים מארץ‎ Exodus 13:18 (E) + 3 t.; מִבָּבֶל‎ Ezra 7:6; 8:1; הירדן מִן‎ Joshua 4:16-17, 19 (P); מ(ןהֿ)מדבר‎ Song of Solomon 3:6; 8:5 etc.

b. out of a place, with הארץ מִן מִן,‎ 1 Samuel 28:13; מֵהַבְּאֵר‎ 2 Samuel 17:21; הַמַּחַת מִ(תּוֺךְ)‎ Isaiah 24:18; Jeremiah 48:44.

c. with accusative of place whither: a city ביתאל‎ Genesis 35:1, 3(E); שׁבע באר‎ 26:23 (J); a mountain ההר‎ Numbers 13:17 (JE) Deuteronomy 1:24 +, etc.; a bed Genesis 49:4 (twice in verse) (J) 2 Kings 1:4, 16, gate Ruth 4:1; (הַ)שָּׁמַיִם‎ Deuteronomy 30:12; 2 Kings 2:11; Amos 9:2 4t.; with (ה)הר אל אֶלֿ,‎ Exodus 19:23; 34:2, 4 (J) 24:15, 18 (P) + 5 t. P; אֶלהַֿמָּקוֺם‎ Deuteronomy 17:8, ירושׁלם אל‎ Ezra 7:7; Isaiah 2:3 = Micah 4:2 (הר אל‎), with accusative of location + ׳אֶליֿ‎ (see 2b) Jeremiah 31:6, of going up to Jerusalem (from a distance), etc.; with לְ‎ to, לירושׁלם‎ Ezra 1:3 (from Babylon); לבית‎ 1 Samuel 25:35, etc.; with עַד‎ unto, עדנֿחל‎ Numbers 32:9 (J); with עָרֵי בְּאַחַת בְּ,‎ 2 Samuel 2:1 (construction praegn.); פרצים בְּבעל‎ 1 Chronicles 14:11 (strike out בְּ‎); בְּגִרָלִי‎ Judges 1:3.

d. to sacred places, Exodus 34:24, with accusative יהוה בית‎, from palace 2 Kings 19:14; 20:5, 8; 23:2; 2 Chronicles 29:20; 34:30; Isaiah 37:14; 38:22; Jeremiah 26:10; במה‎ 1 Samuel 9:13-14, 19; with האלהים הר אל אֶל,‎ Exodus 24:13 (E); י ׳בּבית‎ 1 Samuel 1:7 (בּ‎ dittograph); יהוה בהר‎ Psalm 24:3.

e. with accusative דֶּרֶךְ‎ by the way to Numbers 21:33 (E) Deuteronomy 3:1; Judges 8:11; 1 Samuel 6:9; 2 Kings 3:8; מעלה‎ Jeremiah 48:5; חוֺמָה‎ Joel 2:7.

f. ascend, climb, with בְּ‎ by, a ladder Genesis 28:12 (E), Ezekiel 40:6, 22, 29, etc.; with עַל‎ upon, altar by (ב‎) steps, of priest, Exodus 20:23 (Gi; van d. H. 20:26; E) the roof Joshua 2:8; Judges 9:51, bed Psalm 132:3; עַליָֿדָיו‎ on his hands 1 Samuel 14:13; עב במתי על‎ Isaiah 14:14 ("" אֵל לכוכבי ממעל‎), etc.

2 go up, in personal relations:

a. to meet or visit, with אֶל‎ person, Genesis 44:17, 24, 34; 45:9 (J) Joshua 10:4, 6 (all with implication of ascent), Deuteronomy 25:7 (to gate of city), +; with על‎ person, Genesis 38:12 (= ה‎ locative, up to Timnah); לקראת‎ 46:29 (J) Judges 6:35; 2 Kings 1:3, 6, 7.

b. go up unto (אֶל‎) God, on a height, האלהים אל‎ Exodus 19:3 (E) 1 Samuel 10:3; יהוה אל‎ Exodus 24:1 (E) 19:24; 32:30 (J) Judges 21:5 (twice in verse); 21:8 (to war); אֵלַי‎ Exodus 24:12 (E) Deuteronomy 10:1; unto Deborah Judges 4:5.

c. go up, in war, with אֶל‎ against Numbers 13:31 (E) Judges 1:1; 12:3; 1 Samuel 7:7; Isaiah 36:10 (= על‎ 2 Kings 18:25) +; oftener with על‎, 1 Samuel 14:10; Judges 6:3; 15:10; 18:9; 1 Kings 14:25 +; with על‎ + לַצָּבָא‎ Joshua 22:12, 33 (P); with בְּ‎, Isaiah 7:6; Jeremiah 48:18; with לְ‎ Habakkuk 3:16; + למלחמה‎ Judges 20:18 3t.; + במלחמה‎ 1 Samuel 29:9; המלחמה וַתּעל(ה)‎ 1 Kings 22:35 2 Chronicles 18:34.

d. go up after, with אחרי‎ = follow 1 Samuel 25:13; 1 Kings 1:35, 40.

e. go up, depart, with מֵעַל‎ (q. v.) 1 Samuel 6:20; Genesis 17:22; 35:18 (P) +, subject י ׳כבוד‎ Ezekiel 11:23-24, = withdraw, retreat, 1 Kings 15:19; 2 Kings 12:19; Jeremiah 21:2, absolute 2 Samuel 23:9, and so read "" 1 Chronicles 11:13 (see Dr^Sm).

3 of animals, go or come up: absolute frogs Exodus 7:28 (J) Exodus 8:2 (P), quails 16:13 (P); lion Isaiah 35:9; fox Nehemiah 3:25; rise up, fly up, eagle Isaiah 40:31; Jeremiah 49:22; with מִן‎, cattle out of water Genesis 41:2-3, 18, 19; Song of Solomon 4:2; 6:6, lion הַיַּרְדֵּן מִגְּאוֺן‎ Jeremiah 49:19 = 50:44, מִסֻּבְּכוֺ‎ 4:7, from prey Genesis 49:9 (J); climb up into (ב‎) houses, locusts Joel 2:9; frogs, on (ב‎) persons Exodus 7:29 (J); with על‎, of cattle, sexually Genesis 31:10, 12 (E); locusts upon the land Exodus 10:12, 14 (E) Joel 1:6.

4 of vegetation, spring up, grow, shoot forth: trees Isaiah 55:13 (twice in verse); Ezekiel 47:12; קיקיון‎ Jonah 4:6; grass Deuteronomy 29:22; Amos 7:1; ears of grain Genesis 41:5, 22 (E), also 40:10 (E) Isaiah 5:6; 32:13 compare simile 53:2, Hosea 10:8; Proverbs 26:9; קמשׂנים ׳ע כֻלּוֺ‎ 24:31 all of it grown up with thorns, Isaiah 34:13; figurative קֶרֶן‎ Daniel 8:3, 8.

5 of natural phoenomena, go up, rise: dew, Exodus 16:14, i.e. disappear (P); מִןהָֿאָרֶץ ע ׳אֵד‎ Genesis 2:6 (J), cloud 1 Kings 18:44; Jeremiah 4:13; ׳ע הַשַּׁחַר‎ dawn, etc. Genesis 19:15 (JE) Judges 19:25; 1 Samuel 9:26 +; smoke Genesis 19:28; Exodus 19:18 (J) Judges 20:40 +; fire 6:21; flame 13:20; stench Isaiah 34:3; Joel 2:20; incense Ezekiel 8:11; well Numbers 21:17 (E); waters Jeremiah 47:2; Nile 46:7-8, Amos 8:8; 9:5; with על‎, of overflow Isaiah 8:7 +.

6 of inanimate things (instead of passive construction), absolute, shock of grain (to גֹּרֶן‎) Job 5:26; of בָּשָׂר‎ (covering bones in Ezekiel's vision) Ezekiel 37:8; with על‎, of garments upon the body Leviticus 19:19 (P) Ezekiel 44:17; razor on head Judges 13:5; 16:17; 1 Samuel 1:11; yoke upon oxen Numbers 19:2 (P) 1 Samuel 6:7; lot upon an animal Leviticus 16:9-10, (P); with בְּ‎, weight in balance Psalm 62:10; entry in (ב‎) a book 1 Chronicles 27:24; = be offered (of sacrifice) 1 Kings 18:29; 2 Kings 3:20; Isaiah 60:7; אֲרוּכָה‎ (q. v.) in healing, Jeremiah 8:22, figurative 2 Chronicles 24:13; Nehemiah 4:1.

7 of thoughts, ׳ע לב על‎ 2 Kings 12:5; Isaiah 65:17 5t.; ׳ע לבב על‎ Jeremiah 51:50; Ezekiel 38:10; ׳ע לב אל‎ 14:7; ׳ע רוּחַ על‎ 20:32; of anger 2 Samuel 11:20; 2 Chronicles 36:16 (ב‎ person) + 3 t.; temper Ecclesiastes 10:4 (עָלֶיךָ‎).

8 come up before God, arrogance, בְּאָזְנָיו‎ 2 Kings 19:18 = Isaiah 37:29; cry, ׳אֶלאֿ‎ Exodus 2:23 (P), with accusative 1 Samuel 5:12, absolute Jeremiah 14:2; tumult Psalm 74:23; of evil Jonah 1:2 (לְפָנַי‎).

9 go up, extend, of boundary, with מִן‎ whence, + accusative, לְ אֶל,‎ and even בְ‎ whither Joshua 15:3, 6, 8; 18:12 (twice in verse) + (all P). 10. excel: thou excellest (עַל‎) them Proverbs 31:29; be superior to מעלה מעלה עליך יעלה‎ Deuteronomy 28:43. — עוֺלֶה‎ Job 36:33 is difficult, compare Comm., and see עַוְלָה‎).

Niph`al Perfect3masculine singular נַעֲלָה‎ Numbers 10:11 +; 2 masculine singular נַעֲלֵיתָ‎ Psalm 97:9; Imperfect יֵעָלֶה‎ Exodus 40:37, etc.; Infinitive construct הֵעָלוֺת‎ Numbers 9:17 +, etc.; Imperative masculine plural הֵעָלוּ‎ 16:24; —

1. a. be brought up: לירושׁלם מבבל‎ Ezra 1:11.

b. be taken up, לשׁון שׂפת על וַתֵּעֲלוּ‎ Ezekiel 36:3 (Kö^{i. 553}; talked about).

c. (1) passive, be taken up, away, of (pillar of) cloud, followed by מֵעַל‎ of tabernacle Exodus 40:36; Numbers 9:17; 10:11 (P); absolute Exodus 40:37 (twice in verse); Numbers 9:21 (twice in verse); 9:22 (P); of the glory from upon the cherubim Ezekiel 9:3; (2) reflexive, take oneself away from, get up from: מִסָּבִיבֹ‎ Numbers 16:24; מֵעַל‎ 16:27; of a besieging army Jeremiah 37:5, 11.

2 reflexive: take oneself away מאחרי‎ person, from following after, 2 Samuel 2:27.

3 be exalted, of God Psalm 47:10; with על‎, over all gods Psalm 97:9.

Hiph`il Perfect הֶעֱלָךְ‎ Numbers 8:3 +, הֵעֲלָה‎ Habakkuk 1:15 (Ges^{§ 63p}); suffix הֶעֶלְךָ‎ Nehemiah 9:18, הֶעֱלָנוּ‎ Exodus 32:1-2t.; 3 feminine singular וְהַעַלְתָה‎ 1 Samuel 2:19 consecutive; suffix הֶעֱלָ֫תַם‎ Joshua 2:6; 2masculine singular הֶעֱלִיתָ‎ Exodus 33:1 +; וְהַעֲלִיתָ‎ consecutive Deuteronomy 27:6 +; הֶעֱלֵיתָ‎ Exodus 32:7; וְהַעֲלֵיתָ‎ consecutive 40:4; 2masculine plural suffix הֶעֱלִיתֻנוּ‎ Numbers 20:5; 21:5, etc.; Imperfect יַעֲלֶה‎ Leviticus 17:8 +; וְיַ֫עַל‎ 2 Samuel 24:22; וַיַּעֲלֶה‎ Jeremiah 10:13; וַיַּ֫עַל‎ Genesis 8:20 +, suffix יַעְלֵם‎ Deuteronomy 28:61, etc.; Infinitive absolute הַעֲלֵה‎ Ezekiel 23:46; construct הַעֲלוֺת‎ 1 Chronicles 23:31 +, etc.; Imperative הַ֫עַל‎ Exodus 33:12 2t.; feminine singular הַעֲלִי‎ 1 Samuel 28:8, 11 +, etc.; Participle מַעֲלֶה‎ 7:10 +; construct מַעֲלֵה‎ Leviticus 11:4 +; suffix מַעַלְךָ‎ Deuteronomy 20:1; Psalm 81:11; feminine מַעֲלָה‎ Leviticus 11:26; construct מַעֲלַת‎ 11:3, 6; Deuteronomy 14:6, etc.; —

1 bring up persons:

a. from a place, with הַסָּ֑לַע ׃מִן מִן‎ Judges 15:13; מִמִּצְרַיִם‎ Exodus 17:3 (E) + 3 t. E, + 8 t.; מצרים מארץ‎ 32:1 (J) + 5 t. J, + Leviticus 11:45 (P), Deuteronomy 20:1; Joshua 24:17 (E), + 13 t.; צפון מארץ‎ Jeremiah 16:15 = 23:8.

b. (1) out of a place, with ׃מן‎ הַ)בּוֺר מִ(ן‎ Genesis 37:28 (E) Psalm 40:3; Jeremiah 38:10, 13; משּׁחת‎ Jonah 2:7; מקּברות‎ Ezekiel 37:12-13, מןשֿׁאול‎ Psalm 30:4, etc.; (2) with בְּ‎ by means of, בְּחֶרְמִי‎ Ezekiel 32:3 (Habakkuk 1:15 see 3 below).

c. with accusative of place whither, Numbers 20:25 (P) 22:41 (E) Joshua 2:6; 7:24 (J) Ezra 4:2; השׁמים‎ 2 Kings 2:1; with ׃אֶל אֶלהָֿעֲלִיָּה‎ 1 Kings 17:19; with ׃לְ לבית‎2 Chronicles 8:11.

d. cause to ascend, climb: המרכבה על‎ 1 Kings 20:33 (אֶל‎ 2 Kings 10:15 probably error), עלהֿמגדלות‎2 Chronicles 32:5 (ᵑ9‎ built towers thereon, i.e. ׳ע עָלָיו‎); להומה מֵעַל‎ Nehemiah 12:31 see על‎

IV 2 e. 2 in personal relations:

a. bring up, with אל‎, 1 Samuel 19:15; 2 Kings 10:15; 25:6; Jeremiah 39:5; 52:9; with לְ‎ 1 Samuel 28:8, 11 (twice in verse).

b. in war, with עַל‎ against2 Chronicles 36:17; Jeremiah 50:9; Ezekiel 16:40; 23:46; 26:3.

c. take away (from life) Psalm 102:25; Job 36:20.

3 bring up animals, with על‎, frogs הארץ על‎ Exodus 8:1; 8:3 (P); bring up horses to a charge Jeremiah 51:27, compare Nahum 3:3; draw up men, under figure of fish (בְּחַכָּה‎) Habakkuk 1:15; train, young lion Ezekiel 19:3; of cattle, גֵרָה מעלה‎, i.e. chewing the cud Leviticus 11:3-4, (twice in verse); 11:5-6, 26; Deuteronomy 14:6-7, (twice in verse).

4 cause to ascend: with accusative of thing, smoke העיר מן‎ Judges 20:38; stench באף‎ Amos 4:10, etc.; bring waters upon, על‎ Isaiah 8:7; bring up from (מן‎ location) 2 Samuel 6:2, 12; 1 Kings 8:1; Genesis 50:25 (JE), +; with אֶל‎ location, Judges 16:3; 1 Chronicles 15:3, 12, with accusative of location 2 Chronicles 2:15; with אל‎ person 1 Samuel 6:21; with לְ‎ person Judges 16:8; 1 Samuel 2:19; with על‎, bring sickness upon Deuteronomy 28:61; ׳הע ראשׁ על עפר‎ throw dust on the head Joshua 7:6; Lamentations 2:10; Ezekiel 27:30; clothe sackcloth upon Amos 8:10; flesh upon Ezekiel 37:6; put ornaments on 2 Samuel 1:24; compare also 1 Kings 10:16-17, 2 Chronicles 9:15-16, 3:5, 14; ׳הע נֵר‎ light lamp (make flame go up; Thes and others of raising lamp upon the lamp-stand) Exodus 25:37; 27:20 6t. P; bring up new flesh (heal; see אֲרוּכָה‎) Jeremiah 30:17; 33:6.

5 mentally: ׳הע לב על גִּלּוּלִים‎ Ezekiel 14:3, לב אל‎ 14:7, i.e. make object of thought; rouse, stir up, with accusative אַף‎, anger Proverbs 15:1, compare Ezekiel 24:8.

6 ׳הע ל ׳מנחה‎ 2 Kings 17:4 offer a present; bring up tithe to (ל‎) Nehemiah 10:39; ׳הע מַס‎ raise a levy 1 Kings 5:27; 1 Kings 9:15, למס‎ 9:21; 2 Chronicles 8:8.

7 exalt: Psalm 137:6 if I exalt not Jerusalem above (עַל‎) my chief joy; גםֿ(מ)עלה אַעַלְךָ אנכי‎ Genesis 46:4 (E) I will exalt thee exceedingly (compare Qal 10; מ‎ lost in ᵑ0‎, after ם‎; Di and most bring up).

8 cause to ascend (in flame; Thes and others to go up on altar), offer sacrifice, usually עֹלָה‎, either alone or following by other sacrifices: עלות העלה‎ Exodus 24:5 (E) 32:6 (J) Leviticus 17:8 (H) Deuteronomy 12:13-14, + (see עֹלָה‎); seldom: קטרת‎ Exodus 30:9 (P), compare Psalm 66:15; מנחה‎ Isaiah 57:6; 66:3, also probably 1 Kings 18:29, 36; 2 Kings 3:20 ( > Qal); פר(יםׅ‎ Numbers 23:2, 4, 14, 30 (E) Psalm 51:21; בעיניו הטוב‎ 2 Samuel 24:22; ׳הע ליהוה‎ Judges 13:16; absolute 2 Chronicles 8:13; 29:29; ׳הע לעולה‎ Genesis 22:2, 13 (E); with accusative of location בָמָה מַעֲלֶה‎ Jeremiah 48:35; מזבח(לׅ‎ Leviticus 14:20 (P) Isaiah 60:7 ( > Qal); with לְ‎ local 2 Chronicles 29:27; with בְּ‎ local Genesis 8:20 (J) Numbers 23:2, 4, 14, 30 (E); עלהַֿחֹמָה‎ 2 Kings 3:27; usually על‎ location, הַצּוּר על‎ Judges 13:19, ׳הע מזבח על‎ 1 Kings 12:32-33, (twice in verse); 2 Kings 16:12; 2 Chronicles 1:6; 29:21; 1 Samuel 2:28, מזבח על פרים‎ Psalm 51:21; elsewhere ׳חע מזבח על עלות‎ Exodus 40:29 (P) Joshua 22:23; 1 Kings 3:4; 9:25; 2 Chronicles 1:6; 35:16; Ezra 3:2; Ezekiel 43:18, ׳הע מז על ליהוה ׳עלות‎ Deuteronomy 27:6; Joshua 8:31; 1 Chronicles 16:40; 2 Chronicles 8:12; Ezra 3:3.

Hoph`al Perfect;.; —

1 be carried away, 3 feminine singular הֹעֲלָ֑תָךְ‎ Nahum 2:8.

2 be taken up into, inserted in, 3 masculine singular הֹעֲלָה‎2 Chronicles 20:34 (ספר על‎) (passive of Qal 6).

33masculine singular be offered, of פר‎ Judges 6:28 (המזבח על‎).

Hithpa`el lift oneself: Imperfect3masculine singular אֶליִֿתְעַל‎ Jeremiah 51:3 against (him that) lifts himself, but corrupt; either read אַלֿ‎, let him not, etc. (ᵑ9 ᵑ7 ᵑ6‎ Hi Gf Gie Rothst), or strike out אל‎ (ᵐ5‎ Co^Hpt.).

עלה‎ (√of following; see Biblical Hebrew עָלָה‎).