H4191. muth

מוּת‎ verb die (Late Hebrew id. (rare); Assyrian mâtu Dl^{HWB 395}, Arabic , Ethiopic , Aramaic מִית מוּת,‎, ; Nabataean מות‎ Eut^{Nab 14, 6}; Zinjirli מת‎ DHM^{Sendsch. Glossary}); —

Qal Perfect3masculine singular מֵת‎ Genesis 42:38 +; 3 feminine singular מֵ֫תָה‎ 35:18 +; 2 masculine singular מַתֶּה‎ Ezekiel 28:8; 1singular וָמַ֑תִּי‎ Genesis 19:19; 3masculine plural מֵ֫תוּ‎ 7:22 +; 1 plural מַתְנוּ‎ Numbers 14:2; 2 Kings 7:4; מָ֑תְנוּ‎ Numbers 14:9 +; Imperfect יָמוּת‎ Genesis 38:11 +; יָמֹ֑ת‎ Deuteronomy 33:6 +; וַיָּ֫מָת‎ Genesis 11:28 +; 1 singular אָמוּת‎ 26:9 +; אָמֻת‎ 2 Samuel 19:38; אָמוּ֫תָה‎ Genesis 46:30; 3masculine plural יָמ֫וּתוּ‎ 1 Samuel 2:23 +; יְמֻתוּן‎ Numbers 16:29; 3feminine plural תְּמוּתֶ֫נָה‎ Ezekiel 13:19 (Ges^{§ 72}, 5) +; Imperative מֻת‎ Deuteronomy 32:50; Job 2:9; Infinitive absolute מוֺת‎ Genesis 2:17 +; construct מוּת‎ 25:32 +; suffix מוּתִי‎ 2 Samuel 19:1; מֻתָן‎ 20:3, etc.; Participle מֵת‎ Genesis 20:3 +; suffix מֵתִי‎ 23:4 +; feminine singular מֵתָה‎ 30:1; Zechariah 11:9; plural מֵתִים‎ Exodus 12:33 +; construct מֵתֵי‎ Isaiah 22:2 +; suffix מֵתֶיךָ‎ 26:19; —

1 die, of natural or other causes:

a. (1) of man, וַיָּמָת וַיִּגְוִע‎ and he expired and died Genesis 25:8 ( + טוֺבָה בְּשֵׂיבֶה‎, see below), 25:17; 35:29 (P); וַיִּקָּבֵר וַיָּמָת‎ Judges 10:2, 5; 8:32; 12:7, 10, 12, 15; 2 Samuel 17:23; וימת תַּחְתָּיו וימלך‎ and he died and — reigned in his stead Genesis 36:33-34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39 (P), 2 Samuel 10:1 = 1 Chronicles 19:1; 2 Kings 1:17; 8:15; 13:24; 1 Chronicles 1:44-45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50; טוֺבָה בְּשֵׂיבָה וימת‎ and he died in a good old age 29:28 (+ Genesis 25:8, see above); as the result of smiting הכה‎ Exodus 21:18, 20, 22 (E); + במלחמה‎ Deuteronomy 20:5-6, 7; 2 Samuel 19:11; בַּחֶרֶב‎ Jeremiah 11:22; ברעב‎ 11:22; הדעב מפני‎ 38:9; בְּדֶבֶר‎ 21:6; באבן‎ Numbers 35:17, 23 (P); בַּמַּגֵּפָה‎ 14:37; Numbers 17:14; 25:9 (P). (2) figurative of wisdom, עִמָּכֶם חָכְמָה תָּמוּת‎ Job 12:22; of courage, בְּקִרְבּוֺ לִבּוֺ וַיָּמָת‎ and his heart died within him 1 Samuel 25:37. — 2 Samuel 2:31 strike out מֵ֑תוּ‎ We Dr Kit Bu, compare ᵐ5‎.

b. of animals Leviticus 11:39; cattle Genesis 33:13 (J), fish Exodus 7:18 (E), frogs 8:9 (J), lion Ecclesiastes 9:4, worm Isaiah 66:24; מֵת כֶּלֶב‎, dead dog (in proverb) 1 Samuel 24:15; 2 Samuel 9:8; 16:9.

c. a tree Job 14:8.

d. מֵתִים זִבְחֵי‎ Psalm 106:28 sacrifices to the dead (idols).

2 die as a penalty = be put to death:

a. by human authority Genesis 42:20; Exodus 10:28; 21:14 (E), Genesis 44:9; Joshua 2:14 (J), Leviticus 20:20 (H), Numbers 35:12, 30 (twice in verse) (P), especially D, Deuteronomy 17:2, 6; 18:20; 19:12; 22:22, 25; 24:7; Judges 6:30; 1 Samuel 14:43, 45 (twice in verse); 19:24; Jeremiah 38:24; יָּמּוּת מוֺת‎, die = be put to a violent death ( > AV RV surely die), 1 Samuel 14:39, 44; 22:16; 1 Kings 2:37, 42 (all Judaic), Jeremiah 26:8, all of capital punishment; 2 Kings 8:10 (Ehpraimitic source) cf assassination; יוּמַת מוֺת‎ be put to a violent death, in the codes of Exodus 21:12, 15, 16, 17; 22:18 (E), Leviticus 20:2, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 27; 24:16-17, (H), Exodus 31:14-15, Numbers 15:35; 35:16-17, 18, 21, 31; Leviticus 27:29 (P; never in D; D uses verb, either Qal or Hiph`il, without infinitive absolute); it is used in narratives Genesis 26:11 (J), Exodus 19:12 (E), Judges 21:5. ׳מ‎ is preceded by רגם‎ Numbers 15:36 (P), Deuteronomy 21:21; 1 Kings 12:18 2 Chronicles 10:18; 1 Kings 21:13; סקל‎ Deuteronomy 13:11; 17:5; 22:21, 24; 1 Kings 21:10, 13, 14, 15; פגע‎ 2:25, 46; רמס‎ 2 Kings 7:17, 20; גֹּאֵל בְּיַד‎ Joshua 20:9 (P).

b. inflicted by God, Genesis 20:3; Genesis 20:19; Joshua 10:11 (E), Genesis 3:3; 38:11; Exodus 11:5; 12:36 (J), 28:35; 30:20 (twice in verse); Leviticus 8:35; 10:2, 6, 7, 9; 16:1-2, 13; Numbers 3:4; 4:19-20, 14:35; Numbers 17:14; Numbers 17:28; Numbers 17:35; 18:3; 18:32; 26:11; 26:61 (P), Deuteronomy 5:22 (twice in verse); 18:16; Judges 6:23; 1 Samuel 5:12; 12:19; 25:17, 38, 39; 2 Samuel 6:7; 12:13; 1 Kings 19:4; 2 Kings 14:6 2 Chronicles 25:4; 1 Chronicles 24:2; 2 Chronicles 13:20; 2 Kings 19:35 = Isaiah 37:36; Ezekiel 3:20; 18:4, 20, 21, 28; 33:15; יָמוּת מוֺת‎ Genesis 2:17; 3:4 (J), 20:7 (E), Judges 13:21-22, 2 Samuel 12:14; 14:14; 2 Kings 1:4, 6, 16 (all Judaic), Numbers 26:65 (P), Ezekiel 3:18; 33:8, 14; יוּמַת מוֺת‎ 18:13, יהוה ביד‎ Exodus 16:3 (P); בחטא‎ Leviticus 22:9 (H), Numbers 27:3 (P), 2 Kings 14:6 2 Chronicles 25:4; למות חטא לשׂאת‎ Numbers 18:22 (P); בחטאת‎ Ezekiel 3:20; 18:24; בטמאה‎ Leviticus 15:21 (P); ביון‎ Jeremiah 31:30; Ezekiel 3:18-19, 18:17-18, 33:8-9, זמתו עון ישׂאו לא‎ Exodus 28:43; Numbers 4:15 (P); בעול‎ Ezekiel 18:26; 33:13, 18; עול על‎ 18:26; במעל‎ 1 Chronicles 10:13.

c. die, perish, of a nation by divine judgment, Moab Amos 2:2, Ephraim Hosea 13:1; ישׂראל בית‎ Ezekiel 18:31; 33:1.

d. die prematurely, by neglect of wise moral conduct Proverbs 5:23; 10:21; 15:10; 19:16; 23:13; EC 7:17. —

Note. On (לַבֵּן‎) עַלמֿוּת‎ Psalm 9:1; Psalm 48:15 see עַלְמָה‎ below II. עלם‎.

Po`lel. Perfect3masculine singular suffix מוֺתְתַנִי‎ Jeremiah 20:17; 1singular מֹתַתִּי‎ 2 Samuel 1:16; Imperfect3masculine singular suffix יְמֹתְתֵהוּ‎ 1 Samuel 17:51; 3feminine singular תְּמוֺתֵת‎ Psalm 34:22; 1singular suffix אֲמֹתְתֵהוּ‎ 2 Samuel 1:10; Imperative suffix מוֺתְתֵנִי‎ Judges 9:54; מֹתְתֵנִי‎ 2 Samuel 1:9; infinitive מוֺתֵת‎ Psalm 109:16; Participle מְמוֺתֵת‎ 1 Samuel 14:13; — kill, put to death, despetch (intensive), absolute 14:13, elsewhere with accusative Judges 9:54; 1 Samuel 17:51; 2 Samuel 1:9-10, 16; Jeremiah 20:17; Psalm 34:22; 109:16.

Hiph`il Perfect3masculine singular הֵמִית‎ Judges 16:30 +; suffix וֶהֱמִתָ֑נִי‎ 2 Samuel 14:32; הֱמִיתָם‎ Jeremiah 41:8; 3feminine singular sf . הֱמִיתָ֑תְהוּ‎2 Chronicles 22:11; 2 masculine singular הֵמַתָּה‎ Numbers 14:15; 1singular suffix הֲמִיתִּיו‎ (read הֲמִתִּיו‎) 1 Samuel 17:35; 3masculine plural הֵמִיתוּ‎ 30:2 +, etc.; Imperfect יָמִית‎ Numbers 35:19 +; וַיָּ֫מֶת‎ Genesis 38:10 +; suffix יְמִיתֵהוּ‎ 1 Kings 13:24 +; יְמִתֶנּוּ‎ Numbers 35:19 +; Imperative suffix הֲמִיתֵנִי‎ 1 Samuel 20:8; plural הָמִיתוּ‎ 22:17; Infinitive absolute הָמֵת‎ 2 Kings 11:15 +; construct הָמִית‎ Leviticus 20:4 +; Participle מֵמִית‎ 1 Samuel 2:6; pl, מְמִיתִים‎ 2 Kings 17:26; Job 33:22; מְמִתִים‎ Jeremiah 26:15; — kill, put to death

1 absolute Job 9:23, elsewhere with accusative, subject man,

a. of killing men in personal combat, or in war, often preceded by הכּה‎ smite Joshua 10:26; 11:17; Joshua 17:50 +; of destroying a city 2 Samuel 20:19 ("" השׁחית‎ 20:20).

b. by authority, especially in capital punishment Exodus 1:16 (E), Leviticus 20:4 (H), Numbers 35:19 (twice in verse); 35:21 (P), Deuteronomy 9:10; 17:7; Judges 20:13; 1 Samuel 11:12; 28:9; 2 Samuel 14:7, 32; 21:4; 1 Kings 2:26, 34; 11:40; 19:17 (twice in verse); 2 Kings 14:6 2 Chronicles 25:4; Isaiah 11:4; Jeremiah 26:15, 21, 24; 38:15-16, 25; Esther 4:11; בַּחֶרֶב‎ 1 Kings 1:51; 2:8; 2 Kings 11:20 2 Chronicles 23:21; יָמִית הָמֵת‎ Judges 15:13; 1 Kings 3:26-27, Jeremiah 26:19; 38:15.

2 subject God, by inflicting penalty, absolute Deuteronomy 32:39; 1 Samuel 2:6; 2 Kings 5:7, elsewhere with accusative Genesis 18:25; 38:7, 10; Exodus 4:24; Numbers 14:15 (J), Deuteronomy 9:28; Judges 13:23; 1 Samuel 2:25; 5:10-11, 1 Chronicles 2:3; 10:14; Isaiah 65:15; Hosea 9:16; ברעב‎ Isaiah 14:30; בצמא‎ Hosea 2:5; of killing fish Psalm 105:29; מְמִיתִים‎ Job 33:22 executioners, angels of death.

3 of animals killing men, e.g. ox Exodus 21:29 (E), lion 1 Kings 13:24, 26; 2 Kings 17:26.

4 bring to a premature death Proverbs 19:18; 21:25.

Hoph`al Perfect הוּמָ֑ת‎ 2 Kings 11:2 +; 3 masculine plural הֻמְתוּ‎ 2 Samuel 21:9; Imperfect יוּמַת‎ Leviticus 20:10 +; יוּמָ֑ת‎ Genesis 26:11 +; Participle מוּמָת‎ 1 Samuel 19:11, plural מוּמָתִים‎ 2 Kings 11:2 (Qr), 2 Chronicles 22:11; — be killed, put to death:

1 by conspiracy 2 Kings 11:2 (twice in verse) = 2 Chronicles 22:11; 2 Kings 11:8, 15, 16; 2 Chronicles 23:7, 14.

2 by capital punishment Exodus 21:29 (E), 35:2; Numbers 1:15; 3:10, 38; 18:7 (P), Leviticus 19:20; 24:16, 21 (H), Deuteronomy 13:6; 17:6 (twice in verse); 21:22; 24:16 (3 t. in verse) = 2 Kings 14:6 (twice in verse), Joshua 1:18 (all D) Judges 6:31; 1 Samuel 11:13; 19:6, 11; 20:32; 2 Samuel 19:22; 19:23; 21:9; 1 Kings 2:24; 2 Chronicles 15:13; Jeremiah 38:4, and the phrase יוּמת מוֺת‎ (see Qal 2a).

3 by divine infliction, in the phrase יוּמת מות‎ (see Qal 2b).

4 die prematurely Proverbs 19:16.

מוֺת‎ noun [masculine] death (ᵑ7‎ Syriac; see Biblical Hebrew); — absolute Ezra 7:26.

מָזוֺן‎ see זון‎.