H3427. yashab

יָשַׁב‎₁₀₉₀ verb sit, remain, dwell (Late Hebrew id.; Aramaic יְתֵיב‎, ; MI^{10; 31} ישב‎, Judges 1:8, 19 וישב‎, 1:13 ואשב‎, dwell; Phoenician ישב‎ dwell; Zinjirli ישב‎ sit DHM^{Sendsch. 58}; Assyrian ašâbu, sit, dwell, Dl^{HWB 244}; Arabic leap, jump, Himyer. dialect sit, Lane²⁹¹⁹; Ethiopic II. 1 secum cohabitare facere, marry, consummate marriage, compare Hiph`il 4) —

Qal Perfect3masculine singular יָשַׁב‎ Genesis 13:12 +; 2 masculine singular יָשַׁבְתָּ‎ Judges 5:16, נָ֑הּ וְיָשַׁבְתָּה‎ consecutive Deuteronomy 17:14; 2masculine plural יְשַׁבְתֶּם‎ 1:46; Leviticus 18:3, וִישַׁבְתֶּם‎ consecutive 25:18 7t., etc.; Imperfect יֵשֵׁב‎ 1 Samuel 5:7 +, יֵשֶׁבֿ‎ Genesis 44:33; Ezekiel 44:3, יֵ֫שֶׁב‎ before monosyll. 1 Kings 7:8; Job 22:8; וַיֵּ֫שֶׁב‎ Genesis 4:16 +; וַיֵּשֶׁב֑‎ Ruth 4:1; 1singular אֵשֵׁב‎ Judges 6:18 +, וָאֵשֵׁב‎ Deuteronomy 9:9 3t. + Ezekiel 3:15b (but Co אשׁר‎ Kt); אֵשְׁבָה‎ 1 Samuel 27:5; אֵשֵׁבָ֑ה‎ Isaiah 49:20; וָאֵשְׁבָה‎ Ezekiel 9:3; 3masculine plural יֵשְׁבוּ‎ Genesis 47:4 +; 3 feminine plural תישׁבנה‎ Ezekiel 35:9 Kt (i.e. תֵּישַׁבְנָה‎ Ol^{§ 242 d} Kö^{i. 401}), Qr תָּשׁוֺבְנָה‎ (√ שׁוב‎), Co proposes תִּוָּשַׁבְנָה‎; 1 plural נֵשֵׁב‎ Jeremiah 42:13-14, וַנֵּ֫שֶׁב‎ Numbers 20:15 5t.; Imperative masculine singular שֵׁב‎ Genesis 20:15 +, שֶׁבֿ‎ 35:1; שְׁבָה‎ 27:19 +; feminine singular שְׁבִי‎ 38:11 +; masculine plural שְׁבוּ‎ 22:5 +, etc.; Infinitive absolute יָשֹׁבֿ‎ 1 Samuel 20:5; construct שֶׁ֫בֶת‎ 7:2 +; שָׁ֑בֶת‎ Isaiah 40:22 +; suffix שִׁבְתִּי‎ 2 Samuel 7:5 +, etc.; Participle masculine י(וֺ)שׁב‎ Genesis 4:20; 24:3 +, etc.; feminine ישְׁבָה‎ Nahum 3:8; י(וֺ)שֶׁבֶת‎ Judges 4:5 +; י(וֺ)שָׁ֑בֶת‎ Joshua 2:5; 2 Kings 4:13; ישַׁבְתְּ֯י‎ Jeremiah 22:23, י(וֺ)שֶׁבֶת֯י‎ 10:17; Lamentations 4:21; Ezekiel 27:3 (Kt preferable in all these, see Ol^{§ 123 d} Ges^{§ 90}. 3 a); feminine plural ישְׁבוֺת‎ 1 Samuel 27:8; —

1. a. sit on (עַל‎) a seat 1 Samuel 20:25, stone Exodus 17:12, teraphim Genesis 31:34, couch 48:2 (all E), Ezekiel 23:41, knees 2 Kings 4:20, throne Exodus 11:5; 12:29 (J), Deuteronomy 17:18; 1 Samuel 1:9; 4:13; 1 Kings 1:13, 17, 20 +, see absolute below; of הָאֶרֶץ עַלחֿוּג הַיּשֵׁב ׳י,‎ Isaiah 40:22; dust 47:1, ground (אֶרֶץ‎) Ezekiel 26:16, ashes Jonah 3:6 (these in token of humiliation); sit down by (עַל‎) a well Exodus 2:15 or pool 2 Samuel 2:13; with אֶל‎ 1 Samuel 28:23; sit in (ב‎) house, street, doorway, assembly, etc. 2 Samuel 7:1; Judges 19:15; Genesis 38:14 (J), Jeremiah 15:17; 26:10; Psalm 1:1; Song of Solomon 2:3 so Ezekiel 31:6, 17 (figurative); of No of Amon (personified city) בַּיְאֹרִים הַיּשְׁבָה‎ Nahum 3:8 she who sate amid the rivers; with לְ‎ sit on to (pregnantly) לָאָרֶץ‎ Isaiah 3:26; 47:1; Lamentations 2:10, לְכִסֵּא‎ Psalm 9:5, at, בית לְפֶתַח‎ Proverbs 9:14, לִימִינוֺ(יׅ‎ 1 Kings 2:19; Psalm 110:1; לַמַּבּוּל‎ 29:10; with לִפְנֵי‎ Genesis 43:33 (J), + שָׁם‎ Judges 20:26; 21:2; 2 Samuel 7:18 = 1 Chronicles 17:16; with עִם‎ 1 Samuel 20:5; Proverbs 31:22; with אֶתֿ‎ Jeremiah 16:8; Job 2:13; with תַּחַת‎ Judges 6:11; Micah 4:4, בַּצֵּל תַּחְתֶּיהָ וַיֵּשֶׁב‎ Jonah 4:5; with מִנֶּגֶד‎ Genesis 21:16 (twice in verse) (E), נֶגֶד‎ Isaiah 47:14, לָעִיר מִקֶּדֶם‎ Jonah 4:5; מִצַּד‎ 1 Samuel 20:25; Ruth 2:14; with accusative of congnate meaning with verb Ezekiel 28:2; לִשְׁמֹּט‎ Exodus 18:13; Joel 4:12 (compare Psalm 9:5; Isaiah 28:6); hence absolute of sitting as king or judge Exodus 18:14; Psalm 61:8; Malachi 3:3, יושׁבים‎ Isaiah 10:13, perhaps Amos 1:5, 8, especially of ׳י‎ sitting (enthroned), Psalm 2:4; 9:8; 29:10; 55:20; 102:13; Lamentations 5:19, so in (הַ)כְּרוּבִים ישֵׁב‎ 1 Samuel 4:4; 2 Samuel 6:2 = 1 Chronicles 13:6; 2 Kings 19:15; Psalm 99:1; יִשְׂרָאֵל תְּהִלּוֺת ישֵׁב‎ 22:4 (see with עַל‎, above); by meton. of thrones, for the judges sitting on them לְמִשְׁמָּט כִסְאוֺת יָָֽשְׁבוּ שָׁמָּה‎ 122:5; הַיּשְׁבִים‎ Ruth 4:14, i.e. in the gate (compare 4:11), those in whose presence purchase of land took place.

b. sit, sit down, absolute, Judges 19:6; Ruth 4:1-2, Nehemiah 1:4; Jeremiah 36:15 (followed by clause of purpose, to eat, etc.) Genesis 37:25; Esther 3:15 +; opposed to קוּם‎ Exodus 32:6 (JE) Psalm 139:2, שֶׁבֶת מְאַחֲרֵי‎ 127:2 (opposed to קוּם מַשְׁכִּימֵי‎); so Isaiah 37:28 = 2 Kings 19:27 (read קֻמְךָ לְפָנַי‎ at end of 19:27 = 19:26 We in Bl^{Einl. 4, 257} Rs^{Proph. 351, and n. 9}); but also שְׁבִי קוּמִי‎ Isaiah 52:2, explained by (אֶלהַֿמִּטָּה וַיֵּשֶׁב מֵהָאָרֶץ וַיָּקָם‎ 1 Samuel 28:23 and) 2 Samuel 19:9.

c. sit down outside (חוּץ‎), i.e. perform a necessity of nature Deuteronomy 23:14.

d. sit = be set (as a jewel), עַלמִֿלֵּאת ישְׁבוֺתּ‎ Song of Solomon 5:12 set on a filling (i.e. in a setting, De and others), in description of eyes; (> others sitting by full streams).

2. a. remain, stay, tarry (for a limited or indefinite time), with אֶת‎ person Genesis 24:55 (J), Judges 19:4; 2 Samuel 16:8; with עִם‎ person Genesis 27:44 (J), עִמָּדִי‎ 29:19 (E), Judges 17:10; with בְ‎ local 1 Samuel 7:2 (of ark), 13:16; 14:2; 24:4 (23:25 read אֲשֶׁר‎ for ᵐ5 וַיֵּשֶׁב‎ We Dr Klo Kit Bu), 2 Samuel 10:5; 19:25 (where read שִׁבְתּוֺ‎ for שִׁיבָתוֺ‎ Dr Klo Bu, see We), Numbers 35:25 (P), Job 24:13; with שָׁם‎ 1 Kings 11:16, עַדעֿוֺלָם שָׁם‎ 1 Samuel 1:22; with על‎ (by) 25:13; 30:24; מֹּה‎ 2 Kings 7:4; הַחֲמוֺר עִםֿ מֹּה לָכֶם שְׁבוּ‎ Genesis 22:5 (E); with בֵּין‎ Judges 5:16, לְ מִחוּץ‎ Leviticus 14:8 (P),אֵצֶל‎ 1 Samuel 20:19; with accusative בית‎ 2 Samuel 6:11; 13:20; Ruth 2:7; absolute 1 Samuel 1:23 (twice in verse); abide, endure Micah 5:3, תֵּשֵׁב לְעוֺלָם וְיהוּדָה‎ Joel 4:20, so of Mt. Zion Psalm 121:1.

b. with special emphasis on qualifying phrase, קַשְׁתּוֺ בְּאֵיתָן וַתֵּשֶׁב‎ Genesis 49:24 and his bow abode as a firm one (poem in J); 1 Kings 22:1 and they continued three years without war; of woman remaining טָהֳרָה בִּדְמֵי‎ Leviticus 12:4, וגו ׳עלדֿמי‎ 12:5.

3 dwell, have one's abode in (ב‎) a land, city, house, etc., Genesis 4:16; 13:7, 12 (twice in verse); 19:29; 24:37, 62; Deuteronomy 1:4; 3:2; Joshua 20:6; 2 Samuel 7:6 + often (on 21:16 see בְנֹב ישׁבו‎, p. 444); in tents Jeremiah 35:7, 10; 1 Chronicles 5:10; figurative of justice (צְדָקָה‎) Isaiah 32:16 ("" מִשְׁמָּט וְשָׁכֵן‎); in the midst of (בְּקֶרֶב‎) Genesis 24:3; Joshua 13:13; 16:10; Judges 1:30, 32, 33; 3:5; so with בְּתוֺךְ‎ Genesis 23:10 (P); with עַל‎ + הארץ‎, of God 1 Kings 8:27 2 Chronicles 6:18; of people Leviticus 25:18-19, 26:35 (H); with לְ‎ Job 15:28; with בֵּין‎ Genesis 20:1 (E); dwell with (אֶת‎) 34:16, 22 (P), Exodus 2:21 (E), Joshua 15:63 (JE), Judges 1:16, 21; 17:11; אֶתמָּֿנֶיךָ יְשָׁרִים יֵשְׁבוּ‎ Psalm 140:14; so with עִם‎ Joshua 20:4; Deuteronomy 23:17 (+ בקרב‎), Psalm 26:4 (i.e. assoc. with); with יַחְדָּו‎ Genesis 13:6 (twice in verse) (J), 36:7 (P), Deuteronomy 25:5; גַּםיָֿ֑חַד שֶׁבֶת‎ Psalm 133:1; dwell in their stead (תַּחְתָּם‎) Deuteronomy 2:12 (twice in verse); 2:22-23, 1 Chronicles 4:41; 5:22; absolute יְצָרָהּ לָשֶׁבֶת‎ Isaiah 45:18 for dwelling he formed it (the earth); (thy) dwelling-place is שִׁבְתְּךָ מְקוֺם‎ 1 Kings 8:30 2 Chronicles 6:21, also שׁ ׳מְכוֺן‎ 1 Kings 8:39, 43, 49 2 Chronicles 6:30, 33, 39, so Psalm 33:14; לְש֔ ׳מָכוֺן‎ Exodus 15:17; 1 Kings 8:13 2 Chronicles 6:2. Participle ישֵׁב‎ = substantive, dweller, inhabitant, very often (c. 215 t.): e.g. אהלים ישֵׁב‎ Genesis 25:27 (J); often collective אהל ישֵׁב‎ 4:20 (J), הָאָרֶץ ישׁב‎ 34:30; 50:11 (both J), Exodus 34:12, 15 (JE); also in poetry f., (as collective; see Dr on 1 Samuel 17:21) שָׁפִיר יוֺשֶׁבֶת‎ etc., MI 1:11 (twice in verse); 1:12-13, 15; צִיּוֺן יוֺשֶׁבֶת‎ Isaiah 12:6; Jeremiah 51:35; similarly 10:17; Jeremiah 21:23; 48:19 (compare Lamentations 4:21) Zechariah 2:11; with בת‎ in app. (Da^{§28 R. 6}), בַּתמִֿצְרַיִם יוֺשֶׁבֶת‎ Jeremiah 46:19, so 48:18; more usually plural הֶעָרִים ישְׁבֵי‎ Genesis 19:25 (J), compare Deuteronomy 13:14; הָאָרֶץ ישְׁבֵי‎ Exodus 23:21 (JE), compare 15:14-15, (poem in E); תֵבֵל ישְׁבֵי‎ Isaiah 18:3, חָ֑דֶל יוֺשְׁבֵי‎ 38:11, etc.; ישְׁבֶיהָ‎ Leviticus 18:25; 25:10 (H), Numbers 13:32 (P); absolute יוֺשֵׁב‎ (collective) Amos 1:5, 8; Isaiah 49:19; הַיוֺשְׁבִים‎ 1 Chronicles 9:2; also (strangely) הארץ ישְׁבוֺת‎ 1 Samuel 27:8 = the populations of the land We Dr (elsewhere in this sense only feminine singular and in poetry, see above); frequently in phrase without in habitant (i.e. so that there shall be no inhabitants), ישׁב מֵאֵין‎ Isaiah 5:9; 6:4; Jeremiah 4:7; 26:9; 33:10; Jeremiah 34:23; 44:22; 46:19; 51:29, 37; Zephaniah 2:5; 3:6; בָּהֶן יוֺשֵׁב מֵאֵין‎ Jeremiah 48:9; ישֵׁב מִבְּלִי‎ 2:15; 9:10; בָּהּ יוֺשֵב יִהְיֶה לאֹ‎ 50:3; יוֺשֵׁב הֱיוֺתבּֿוֺ לְבִלְתִּי‎ 51:62.

4 of a land or city, sit, abide seated in its place, figurative for be inhabited Jeremiah 17:6, 25; 50:13, 39; Ezekiel 26:20; 29:11; 36:35; Isaiah 13:20 ("" תִּשְׁכּוֺן לאֹ‎), Zechariah 2:8; 9:5; 14:11; תַּחְתֶּיהָ יָָֽשְׂבָה‎ 12:6; 14:10; Ezekiel 35:9 Kt is תישׁבנה‎, Qr תָּשׁוֺבְנָה‎; Co תושׁבנה‎, i.e. Niph`al תִּוָּשַׁבְנָה‎ (compare 36:10), or Hoph`al תּוּשַׁבְנָה‎ (compare Isaiah 44:26); of palace, יֵשֵׁב עַלמִֿשְׁמָּטוֺ וְאַרְמוֺן‎ Jeremiah 30:18.

Niph`al Perfect3feminine singular נוֺשָׁ֑בָה‎ Jeremiah 6:8; 3plural וְנָֽשְׁבוּ‎ consecutive Ezekiel 36:10, נוֺשָׂ֑בוּ‎ 26:19, נוֺשָׁ֑בֻ֯ה‎ Jeremiah 22:6; Participle feminine נוֺשֶׁבֶת‎ Ezekiel 26:17 ( < ᵐ5 נִשְׁבַּתְּ‎ Co, √ שׁבת‎), נוֺשָׁ֑בֶת‎ Exodus 16:35; plural נוֺשָׁבוֺת‎ Ezekiel 12:20; 38:12; — be inhabited, of land Exodus 16:35 (perhaps = be habitable), Jeremiah 6:8; of cities 22:6; Ezekiel 12:20; 26:19; 36:10; נוֺשָׁבוֺת חֳרָבוֺת‎ 38:12; — 26:17 see above; 35:9 see Qal 4.

Pi`el Perfect3masculine plural בָּ֑ךְ טִירוֺתֵיהֶם וְיִשְּׁבוּ‎ Ezekiel 25:4 and they shall set their encampments in thee (ᵑ6 ᵐ5‎ Co וְיֵשְׁבוּ‎ inhabit.

Hiph`il Perfect3masculine singular השִׁיב‎ Ezra 10:14, suffix הוֺשַׁיבַנִי‎ Lamentations 3:6; Psalm 143:3; 1singular הוֺשַׁבְתִּי‎ Leviticus 23:33, וְה(וֺ)שַׁבְתִּים‎ consecutive Hosea 11:11; Jeremiah 32:37; וְהוֺשְׁבוֺתִים‎ consecutive Zechariah 10:6 (Kö^{i, 413}; but probably text error, see Thes and Ges^{Lgb 464}; read probably וַהֲשִׁבוֺתִים‎ as 10:10, so Sta^{ZAW. 1881, 21} We), etc.; Imperfect3masculine singular וַיּוֺשֵׁב‎ Genesis 47:11, וַיּוֺ֫שֶׁב‎2 Chronicles 8:2; Psalm 107:36; suffix וַיּוֺשִׁיבַי֯נִי‎ 1 Kings 2:24 (Kö^{i, 414. 224}); וַיּשִׁיבֵם‎ Job 36:7; 1plural ונּ֫שֶׁב‎ Ezra 10:2, etc.; Imperative masculine singular הוֺשֵׁב‎ Genesis 47:6; masculine plural ה(וֺ)שִׁיבוּ‎ 1 Kings 21:9-10, Infinitive construct ה(וֺ)שִׁיב‎ 1 Samuel 2:8; Nehemiah 13:27; הוֺשִׁיבִי‎ Psalm 113:8 (Ol^{§ 123 d}; read בוֺ‎-, see Che); Participle absolute מוֺשִׁיב‎ 68:7, construct מוֺשִׁיבִי‎ 113:9 (Ol^l.c. Ges^l.c.); —

1 cause to sit with accusative of person + כסא על‎ 1 Kings 2:24; 2 Chronicles 23:20 so (without כסא על‎) + לָנֶצַח‎ Job 36:7; set, place with accusative of person + נֶגְדּוֺ‎ 1 Kings 21:10, also 21:9, 21:12 (הָעָם בְּראֹשׁ‎).

2 cause to abide (accusative of person) at (ב‎) 1 Samuel 30:21.

3. a. cause to dwell, with accusative of person + ב‎ location 1 Samuel 12:8; 2 Kings 17:6; Hosea 12:10; Genesis 47:6, 11 (P), Leviticus 23:43 (H), Lamentations 3:6; Psalm 143:3; תַּחְתִיּוֺת בְּאֶרֶץ‎ Ezekiel 26:20; accusative of person omitted 2 Kings 17:24, 26; accusative of person + שָׁם‎2 Chronicles 8:2; Psalm 107:36; accusative of person + עַלהַֿבָּתִּים‎ Hosea 11:11 (but read וַהֲשִׁבֹתִים‎ We); accusative of person omitted, with עם‎ person 1 Samuel 2:8; Psalm 113:8; בַּ֫יְתָה יְחִידִים מוֺשִׁיב‎ 68:7 causing solitary ones to dwell in a house (or is מוֺשִׁיב‎ for מֵשִׁיב‎ Bae?); with accusative of person only ׳מושׁ הַבַּיִת עֲקֶרֶת‎ 113:9 giving a dwelling to her that is barren of house; absolute with לָבֶ֫טַח‎ Jeremiah 32:37; Psalm 4:9; absolute with כְּקַדְמוֺתֵיכֶם‎ Ezekiel 36:11. On Zechariah 10:6, see above

b. cause cities (עָרִים‎) to be inhabited Ezekiel 36:33; Isaiah 54:3.

4 marry (properly give a dwelling to, compare Psalm 113:9), only Ezra Nehemiah, and only with accusative נָכְרִיּוֺת נָשִׁים‎ strange or foreign women Ezra 10:2, 10, 14, 17, 18; Nehemiah 13:27; so אַשְׁדֳּו֯דִיּוֺת נָשִׁים השִׁיבוּ‎ 13:23.

Hoph`al Perfect הָאָ֑רֶץ בְּקֶרֶב לְבַדְּכֶם וְהוּשַׁבְתֶּם‎ Isaiah 5:8 and ye be made to dwell alone in the midst of the land. Imperfect תּוּשָׁב֑ לִירוּשָׁלַםִ הָאֹמֵר‎ 44:26 he who saith of Jerusalem, she shall be inhabited. Ezekiel 35:9 see Qal 4.