H5221. nakah

[נָכָה‎]₅₀₁ verb smite (not in

Qal) (Late Hebrew Hiph`il id.; Perfect 3 plural הכו‎ SI<sup>4</sup>, Infinitive [ת‎]להכ‎ ib. 2; Syriac , laesit, nocuit, repugnavit; Aph`el laesit, vulneravit; Ethiopic laesit, nocuit; compare Arabic be defeated, the inflicting of injury on an enemy Lane³⁰³⁸); —

Niph`al Perfect וָמֵת וְנִכָּה‎ consecutive 2 Samuel 11:15 and he shall be smitten [struck by weapon in battle] and die.

Pu`al Perfect3feminine singular נֻכָּ֑תָה‎ Exodus 9:31; 3plural נֻכּוּ‎ 9:32 (J), both be smitten down by the hail.

Hiph`il₄₈₂ Perfect3masculine singular הִכָּה‎ Exodus 9:25 +; suffix וְהִכַּ֫נִי‎ consecutive Genesis 32:12, הִכָּם‎ Jeremiah 5:6; 2masculine singular הִכִּ֫יתָ‎ Exodus 17:5 +; 1 singular הִכֵּיתִי‎ Judges 15:16 +, וְהִכֵּתִ֫י‎ Exodus 3:20 +; 3 plural הִכּוּ‎ Genesis 19:11 +; 2 masculine plural הִכִּיתֶם‎ Jeremiah 37:10 3t. consecutive; etc.; Imperfect3masculine singular יַכֶּה‎ Exodus 21:20 +, יַךְ‎ Hosea 6:1 (but read וַיַּךְ‎ We Now GASm); וְיַח‎ 14:6 (see below); וַיַּכֶּה‎ Joshua 10:40 +, usually וַיַּךְ‎ Exodus 2:12 +; suffix 2 masculine singular יַכֶּ֫כָּה‎ Jeremiah 40:15 2t., 3 masculine singular וַיַּכּוֺ‎ 2 Samuel 14:6 (but read ᵐ5 וַיַּךְ‎. ᵑ9 ᵑ6‎ Th We Dr Klo Kit Bu HPS), יַכֶּ֫נּוּ‎ 1 Samuel 17:25 2t.; usually וַיַּכֵּ֫הוּ‎ Numbers 21:24 +; 3 feminine singular וַתַּךְ‎ Jonah 4:7-8, 2masculine singular תַּכֶּה‎ Exodus 2:13 +; suffix 3 masculine singular תַּכֶּ֫נּוּ‎ Proverbs 23:13-14, 1singular אַכֶּה‎ 1 Samuel 18:11 +; וָאַכֶּה‎ Nehemiah 13:25, וָאַךְ‎ Exodus 9:15; 3masculine plural יַכוּ‎ Micah 4:14; usually וַיַּכּוּ‎ Genesis 14:5 + (1 Samuel 4:2 read probably

Hoph`al q. v.); 1plural נַכֶּהֿ‎ Numbers 22:6; וַנַךְ‎ Deuteronomy 2:33, etc.; Imperative הַכֵּה‎ Ezekiel 6:11, הַךְ‎ Amos 9:1 +; masculine plural הַכּוּ‎ 2 Samuel 13:28, etc.; Infinitive absolute הַכֵּה‎ Deuteronomy 3:16 +, הַכּוֺת‎ 2 Kings 3:24 (Ges^{§ 75ff}); cstr. הַכּוֺת‎ Genesis 4:15 +, etc.; Participle מַכֶּה‎ Exodus 2:11 +; construct מַכֵּה‎ 21:12 +; plural מַכִּים‎ 1 Samuel 4:8 +, etc.; —

1. a. literally, smite (with a single, non-fatal, blow), strike, followed by accusative, ass Numbers 22:23, 25, 27 (בְּמַקֵּל‎), 22:28; 22:32 (all J); man Exodus 21:15, 19 (E); cheeks Job 16:10; man (on) cheek (2accusative) Lamentations 3:30; Psalm 3:8; man עַללְֿחִי‎ Micah 4:14 (ב‎ instrumental), 1 Kings 22:24 2 Chronicles 18:23; eye Exodus 21:26 (E); מַכֵּךְ שֵׁבֶט‎ Isaiah 14:29 (figurative of conqueror); with (בׅ‎ stone or fist Exodus 21:18 (E), compare (figurative) Isaiah 58:4 (absolute); smite lion or bear 1 Samuel 17:35; strike river (with rod מַטֶּה‎) 7:17 (with עַל‎ object, + ב‎ instrumental), 1 Samuel 7:20; Exodus 17:5 (E; ב‎ instrumental), also (with mantle) 2 Kings 2:8, 14 (twice in verse), compare ׳י‎ smiting Euphrates into (לׅ‎ seven streams Isaiah 11:15; dust Exodus 8:12; 8:13 (P); rock 17:6 (E), Numbers 20:11 (P; ב‎ instrumental), Psalm 78:20; figurative smite earth מִּיו בְּשֵׁבֶט‎ Isaiah 11:4 (of future Davidic king); strike on ground (אַ֫רְצָה‎; with arrows) 2 Kings 13:18, also (absolute) 13:18; 13:19; strike weapons out of (מִן‎) hands, Ezekiel 39:3 (׳י‎; figurative of making powerless); lintel of door Amos 9:1; barley-loaf strikes tent Judges 7:13 (in dream); in figure of regret, remorse אֹתוֺ דָּוִד לֵב וַיַּךְ‎ 2 Samuel 24:10 and David's heart smote him, so 1 Samuel 24:6 (+ עַלאֲֿשֶׁר‎ because); of goat smiting (butting with horn) the ram, so as to break its horns Daniel 8:7 (in vision); smite = hit with missile, sling-stone 1 Samuel 17:49 (with accusative of person + אֶלמִֿצְחוֺ‎), compare 2 Kings 3:25 (but text perhaps corrupt, see Benz); arrow, 1 Kings 22:34 2 Chronicles 18:33 (with accusative of person + בֵּין‎), 2 Kings 9:24 (c. id.); of piercing, וּבַקִּיר בְּדָוִד בַּחֲנִית הַכּוֺת‎ 1 Samuel 19:10 smite with the dart into David and into the wall, pin David to the wall, אֶתהַֿח ׳וַיַּךְ בַּקִּיר‎ 19:10, compare 18:11, וּבָאָרֶץ בַחֲנִית אַכֶּנּוּ‎ 26:8.

b. smite repeatedly, beat, a man Exodus 2:11, 13 (E), 5:16 (J), Nehemiah 13:25 (מִן‎ partitive), compare Deuteronomy 25:11; here probably also 1 Kings 20:35 (twice in verse); 20:37 (twice in verse) (וּפָצֹעַ הַכֵּה‎ beating and bruising him); of Assyria under figure of taskmaster Isaiah 10:24; beat a woman so as to bruise her (מָּצַע‎) Song of Solomon 5:7; beat by authority, scourge Jeremiah 20:2; 37:15; Deuteronomy 25:2-3,(with accusative of person + accusative of congnate meaning with verb רַבָּה מַכָּה‎), 25:3 compare הַכּוֺת כִּן‎ 25:2 i.e. worthy of scourging, bastinado, (compare Dr); 2 Chronicles 25:16; Proverbs 17:10; 19:25; 23:13-14, (ב‎ instrumental); compare לְמַכִּים נָחַתִּי גֵּוִי‎ Isaiah 50:6; of hail, beat down herbage etc. Exodus 9:25 (twice in verse) (compare Pu`al).

c. כַף וַיַּכּוּ‎ 2 Kings 11:12 and they clapped hands (in applause); elsewhere only Ezek., in mockery; אֶלכַּֿף כַּף‎ Ezekiel 21:19; 21:22; בְּכַמְּךָ‎ 6:11 ("" בְּרַגְלְךָ רְקַּע‎; accusative כַּמִּי‎ 22:13.

d. give a thrust (with fork) into (ב‎) pot 1 Samuel 2:14; strike roots Hosea 14:6 (in figurative, but וַיֵּלְכוּ‎ We Now).

e. rarely smite (in battle) so as (merely) to wound 1 Kings 8:28, so (+ accusative of congnate meaning with verb מַכָּה‎) 8:29; 9:18 2 Chronicles 22:6; figurative of ׳י‎s wounding Israel Hosea 6:1 (opposed to חָבַשׁ‎ bind up), Jeremiah 30:14 (with accusative of congnate meaning with verb). compare smite with (ב‎) the tongue 18:18.

f. smite, of sun, etc., with accusative of person Isaiah 49:10; Psalm 121:6; with עַל‎ Jonah 4:8.

2 Smite fatally:

a. (subject man) smite, with accusative, + word of killing (dying): — object lion and bear 1 Samuel 17:35; man Exodus 21:12, 20 (E), Joshua 10:26 (JE), 11:17 (D), 1 Samuel 17:50; 2 Samuel 1:15; 2:31 (מִן‎ partitive + ב‎ among), 4:7; 14:6; 18:15; 21:17; 1 Kings 16:10; 2 Kings 12:22; 2 Kings 15:30; 25:21 = Jeremiah 52:27; 2 Kings 25:25; Jeremiah 41:2; Numbers 35:16-17, 18, 21 (P; all with ב‎ instrumental); with accusative + אֶלחֹֿמֶשׁ‎ + ב‎ instrumental 2 Samuel 2:23 smote him (fatally) in the belly with (on text see HPS), 20:10, compare 3:27; 4:6 (but strike out ᵐ5‎ Ew Th We Dr Bu HPS); נֶפֶשׁ וְהִכָּהוּ‎ Deuteronomy 19:11 and he smite him in his life (mortally), and he die, compare (without word of dying) 19:6; Genesis 37:21 (J), Jeremiah 40:14-15, [otherwise Leviticus 24:17; 24:18; Numbers 35:11; 35:15; 35:30; Deuteronomy 27:35; Joshua 20:3, 9]; with prolepsis חֲלָלִים לְהַכּוֺת‎ smite the slain Judges 20:31, 39; + אַ֫רְצָה‎ smite to the ground i.e. kill 2 Samuel 2:22; 18:11.

b. smite, of worm gnawing or boring so as to kill plant Jonah 4:7.

c. very often = kill, slay, man or beast (c. 150 t.): Genesis 4:15; 8:21 (exterminate; both J), Exodus 2:12; Numbers 21:35 (E), Joshua 7:5 (מִן‎ partitive), 7:5 (JE), Deuteronomy 19:6; 21:1; 27:24-25, Joshua 11:10 (ב‎ instrumental; all D), Leviticus 24:17-18, 21 (twice in verse) (H), Numbers 35:11, 15, 21, 24, 30; Joshua 9:18; 20:3, 9 (all P), Judges 15:16; 1 Samuel 17:9 (twice in verse); 17:36; 2 Samuel 12:9 (ב‎ instrumental), 2 Kings 9:7 (exterminate), etc.; with ב‎ among 1 Samuel 23:5, מִן‎ partitive Judges 14:19; 20:45; with ב‎ partitive slay at, work slaughter among 2 Samuel 23:10 (insert also in "" 1 Chronicles 11:13 see Be^{on the passage} Dr^{2 Samuel 23:10}), but also ב‎ of direct object 1 Samuel 18:7; 21:12; 29:5; subject lion 1 Kings 20:36 (twice in verse) compare Jeremiah 5:6 (figurative of judgment); ׳י‎ subject 1 Samuel 6:19b (ב‎ among, + accusative of congnate meaning with verb; 6:19 a וַיַּךְ‎ corrupt see ᵐ5‎ Th We Dr Kl Kit Bu HPS); slay firstborn Exodus 12:2 (J), 12:29; Numbers 3:13; 8:17; 33:4 (all P), Psalm 78:51; 105:36; 135:8; God slays for (עַל‎) sin 2 Samuel 6:7 = 1 Chronicles 13:10 (עַלאֲֿשֶׁר‎); slay לְפִיחֶֿרֶב‎ Deuteronomy 13:16; 20:13; Joshua 11:11-12, 14 (all D), Judges 18:27; 21:10; 1 Samuel 22:9; 2 Kings 10:25; Jeremiah 21:7; Job 1:15, 17; kill, slay, with accusative of congnate meaning with verb (מַכָּה‎) 1 Samuel 14:14; 1 Kings 20:21 (ב‎ among), 2 Chronicles 13:17 (בָּהֶם‎), 25:13 (מֵהֶם‎); with accusative of person + accusative of congnate meaning with verb Joshua 10:20 (JE), Esther 9:5, etc.; kill unwittingly, unintentionally דַ֫עַת בִבְלִי הִכָּה‎ Deuteronomy 19:4; Joshua 20:5 (both D).

3 Smite = attack, attack and destroy a company Genesis 32:9, 12; 34:30; Joshua 8:21; Judges 8:11; 9:43; 2 Kings 8:21; 2 Chronicles 21:9; attack and capture a city Judges 1:8 1:12 = Joshua 15:16 (JE), 7:3; 10:4 (JE), 1 Samuel 30:1; 1 Kings 15:20 2 Chronicles 16:4; 2 Kings 15:16 (twice in verse); 1 Chronicles 20:1; 2 Chronicles 14:13; Jeremiah 47:1; tents 1 Chronicles 4:41; 2 Chronicles 14:14; = sack a city לְפִיחֶֿרֶב‎ (slaying inhabitants), Joshua 8:24; 19:47 (both J E), 10:28, 30, 32, 35, 37 compare 10:39 (all D), Judges 1:25; 20:37; 2 Samuel 15:14; especially defeat king or army (involving often overthrow, pursuit and slaughter), — approximately 95 t., — Genesis 14:5, 15, 17; Numbers 14:45; 21:24 (JE), Joshua 8:12; 10:10 (+ accusative of congnate meaning with verb), 10:10 (עַד‎ location), 11:8 (twice in verse) (all J E), Deuteronomy 1:4; 2:33; 3:3; 4:46; 7:2; 29:6; Joshua 10:33, 40 (מִןו֯עד‎ location), 12:1, 6, 12; 13:12 (all D); Judges 1:5, 17; 1 Samuel 11:11 (עד‎ temporal), 1 Kings 13:17 (עַדכַּֿלֵּה‎), 2 Kings 3:24a + 3:24b (where read וְהַכּוֺת בוֺא וַיָּבֹאוּ‎ and they went on defeating), Isaiah 10:20; Jeremiah 37:10, etc.; insert וַיַּךְ‎ or הִכָּה‎ in 2 Samuel 8:13 Th Ke Kit Bu compare Dr, after ᵐ5‎; with ב‎ object 1 Samuel 14:31; 23:2 (twice in verse) (ה‎ locative — מִן‎); + חֶרֶב לְפִי‎ Judges 20:48, etc.; of gods causing defeat2 Chronicles 28:23; smite land = conquer, subjugate, sometimes ravage, Genesis 14:7; Joshua 10:40 (D), 1 Samuel 27:9; Jeremiah 43:11; 46:13, compare Isaiah 14:6 (accusative of congnate meaning with verb); subject ׳י‎ Numbers 32:4 (P); of ׳י‎ smiting sea גַּלִּים בַיָּם וְהִכָּה‎ Zechariah 10:11 (Bev^{JPhoenician xviii. 35 (1889), 88} proposes גבלים‎).

4 Of God,

a. smite with (ב‎) a plague, disease, etc.: — blindness Genesis 19:11 (J), 2 Kings 6:18 (twice in verse) compare Zechariah 12:4 (twice in verse) (symbolic); of Egyptian plagues Exodus 3:20; 9:15 (both J), 1 Samuel 4:8, without ב‎ Exodus 7:25 (J), 12:13 (P), Psalm 136:10 (accusative + בִּבְכוֺרֵיהֶם‎); other plagues Numbers 14:12 (JE), Deuteronomy 28:22, 27, 28, 35; 1 Samuel 5:6; 2 Samuel 24:17; Job 2:7; Amos 4:9; Haggai 2:17; Malachi 3:24; without ב‎, 1 Samuel 5:9; 2 Kings 19:35 = Isaiah 37:26; Numbers 11:33 (J E; בָּעָם‎ + accusative of congnate meaning with verb); smite vines with (ב‎) blight Psalm 105:33.

b. smite = chastise, or send judgment upon, usually with accusative, 1 Kings 14:15; 1 Chronicles 21:7; Isaiah 5:25; 9:12; 27:7 (הִכָּהוּ מַכֵּהוּ הַכְּמַכַּת‎), 30:31 (ב‎ instrumental) 57:17; 60:10 (opposed to רִחַם‎) Jeremiah 2:30; 5:3; 14:9; Ezekiel 32:15 (ᵐ5‎ Co זֵרָה‎ scatter); with עִל‎ punish for, (sin) Leviticus 26:24 (H).

c. of God's destroying palaces Amos 3:15; 6:11 (2 accusative), compare Zechariah 9:4.

Hoph`al Perfect הֻכָּה‎ Hosea 9:16; Numbers 25:14, הוּכָּה‎ Psalm 102:5; וְהֻכָּה‎ consecutive Exodus 22:1; 3feminine singular הֻכְּתָה‎ Ezekiel 33:21; 40:1; 1singular הֻכֵּ֫יתִי‎ Zechariah 13:6; 3pluralהֻכּוּ‎ 1 Samuel 5:12; Imperfect3masculine plural וַיֻּכּוּ‎ Exodus 5:14; 2masculine plural תֻּכּוּ‎ Isaiah 1:5; Participle מֻכֶּה‎ Numbers 25:14, construct מֻכֵּה‎ Isaiah 53:4; feminine מֻכָּה‎ Numbers 25:15, 18; plural מֻכִּים‎ Exodus 5:16, construct מֻכֵּיֿ‎ Jeremiah 18:21; — be smitten:

1 = receive a blow Isaiah 1:5 (Judah under figure of man).

2 be wounded Zechariah 13:6.

3 be beaten Exodus 5:14, 16 (J).

4 be (fatally) smitten + verb of dying Exodus 22:1 (E); be killed, slain Numbers 25:14 (twice in verse); 25:15, 18 (with עַל‎, for), מֻכֵּיחֶֿרֶב‎ Jeremiah 18:21 ("" מָ֑וֶת הֲרֻגֵי‎); so also (absolute) probably 1 Samuel 4:2 (read ᵑ9 ᵑ6 ᵐ5 וַיֻּכּוּ‎ Th Dr Klo Kit, for וַיַּכּוּ ᵑ0‎).

5 be attacked and captured, of city Ezekiel 33:21; 40:1.

6 be smitten with disease (by God) 1 Samuel 5:12; absolute, of ׳י‎s servant Isaiah 53:4.

7 be blighted, of plant (in figurative) Hosea 9:16 (Ehpraimitic source), Psalm 102:5 (heart, כָּעֵשֶׂב‎; both + יָבַשׁ‎).