H5892. iyr

I. עִיר‎ noun [masculine] excitement; — of terror, ׳ע וּבֶהָלוֺת‎ Jeremiah 15:9; of rage (si vera lectio), בְּעִיר אָבוֺא לֹא‎ Hosea 11:9, but St proposes לְבָעֵר‎ compare We Oort Now GASm. — בָּעִיר‎ Psalm 73:20 see עור‎

Hiph`il — II, III. עִיר‎ see below

II. עִיר‎₁₀₉₂ noun feminine^{Genesis 10:12} (Albr^{ZAW xvi.40 f.}) city, town (√ unknown; Late Hebrew id.;? Phoenician ער‎ Lzb³⁴⁵; Sabean ער‎ fortified height (compare

3) Prä^{ZMG xxvi (1872), 437}, עהרן ערן,‎ city CIS^{iv. pp. 94, 95, 173}); — ׳ע‎ absolute Genesis 4:17 +, construct 24:10 +; הָעִ֫ירָה‎ 1 Kings 14:12 + 7t.; suffix עִירִי‎ 2 Samuel 19:38 2t., etc.; plural עָרִים‎ Isaiah 6:11 +, עֲיָרִים‎ Judges 10:4 (text error, or word-play, compare GFM); construct עָרֵי‎ Genesis 10:29 +; suffix עָרַי‎ Zechariah 1:17, עָרֵיכֶם‎ Isaiah 1:7 +, etc.; —

1 city, town, abode of men Genesis 4:17 (J) and often; גְּדֹלָה‎ 10:12 (J), +, or קְטַנָּה‎ Ecclesiastes 9:14 (compare Genesis 19:20); especially

a. fortified: בְּצֻרוֺת עָרִים‎ 2 Samuel 20:6 +, etc., see מִבְצָר בָּצַר,‎; מִבְצַרצֹֿר עִיר‎ Joshua 19:29 (P) fortified city (of) Tyre, ׳ע מָצוֺר‎ Psalm 31:22 +, etc., see מְצוּרָה מָצוֺר,‎ below צוּר‎ (Micah 7:12 see מָצוֺר‎); ׳ע עָזלָֿנוּ‎ Isaiah 26:1, מָעוּזּוֺ עָרֵי‎ 17:9; ׳ְ וּבְרִיחַ דְּלָתַיִם‎ 1 Samuel 23:7; ׳ע חוֺמָה‎ Leviticus 25:29, compare 25:30 (P), 1 Kings 4:13; on Hosea 10:14 see I. עַם‎ 2b (1 Samuel 9:14 read ᵐ5 הַשֵּׁעַר‎ We Dr and others).

b. opposed to הַמְּרָזִי כֹּפֶר‎ 1 Samuel 6:18, הַמּ ׳עָרֵי‎ Deuteronomy 3:5, ׳ע הַמְּרָזוֺת‎ Esther 9:19; distinguished from dependencies חֲצֵרִים‎ Joshua 13:23 +?

c. עָרֶיה‎ are dependent towns Joshua 13:17 (P), Jeremiah 19:15.

d. הַמַּמְלָכָה עָרֵי‎ Joshua 10:2 (JE) royal cities (i.e. with a king, compare Tel Amarna al šarri), so singular 1 Samuel 27:5, opposed to עָרֵי הַשָּׁדֶה‎ 27:5 rural towns; ׳ע הַמְּלוּכָה‎ 2 Samuel 12:26 (but read ׳ע הַמַּיִם‎ We Bu Kit Löhr HPS, see 2 below).

e. מִסְכְּנוֺת עֶרֵי‎ Exodus 1:11 storage-cities, so 1 Kings 9:19 2 Chronicles 8:6, 4; 17:12; for ׳מ ׳ע נַפְתָּלִי‎16:4 read probably עֵלוֿגו ׳כִּנְרוֺת‎ (as 1 Kings 15:20; Be Kit Buhl); compare ׳ע הֶרֶכֶב‎ 9:19; 10:26 2 Chronicles 8:6; 9:25; 1:14; ׳ע הַמָּרָשִׁים‎ 1 Kings 9:19 2 Chronicles 8:6.

f. ׳ע (הַ)מִקְלָט‎ (P) asylum-cities Numbers 35:11, 13, 14; Joshua 20:2, compare Numbers 35:25-26, 27, 28, 32, ׳ע לְמִקְלָט‎ 35:12; ׳ע הָרֹצֵחַ מִקְלַט‎ Joshua 21:13 + 4t. 21.

g. ׳ע (הָ)אֱלֹהִים‎ = Jerusalem: Psalm 46:5; 87:3, compare 48:2; 48:9; ׳ע ׳י‎ Isaiah 60:14; Psalm 101:8; ׳ע ׳י צְבָאוֺת‎ 48:9.

h. city = inhabitants 1 Samuel 4:13; 5:12; Isaiah 22:2; Ruth 1:19, so 2 Samuel 20:22 (reading הָעִיר‎ for הָעָם ᵑ0‎) ᵐ5‎ We Dr and others (compare also following).

i. combinations are: ׳ע רֹכְלִים‎ Ezekiel 17:4 city of merchants; ׳ע מוֺשָׁב‎ Psalm 107:4; 107:7; 107:36 city for dwelling; especially of character or condition: ׳ע הַצֶּדֶק‎ Isaiah 1:26, הָאֱמֶת ׳ע‎ Zechariah 8:3; ׳ע הַקּדֶשׁ‎ Isaiah 48:2; 52:1; Nehemiah 11:1, 18, compare Daniel 9:24, all of Jerusalem; קָדְשֶׁ֑ךָ עָרֵי‎ Jeremiah 5:17 of Judaean cities; of foreign cities, ׳ע תְּהִלָּךְ‎ 49:25, הַהֻלָּלה ׳הָע‎Ezekiel 26:17, ׳הָע הָעַלִּיזָה‎ Zephaniah 2:15; of Jerusalem also ׳הָע הַיּוֺנָה‎ 3:1 oppressive city, ׳ע (הַ)דָּמִים‎ bloody city Ezekiel 22:2; 24:6, 9 and (of Nineveh) Nahum 3:1.

2 of fortress in a city especially דָּוִד עִיר‎ 2 Samuel 5:7, 9; 6:10 + often (see דָּוִד‎); ׳ע הַבָּ֑עַל כֵית‎ 2 Kings 10:25 (crpt; Klo proposes דְּבִיר‎ for ׳ע‎, compare Kmp Benz Kit); ׳ע הַמַּיִם‎ 2 Samuel 12:27 (so read also 12:26, see 1d).

3 apparently fortified place, of any size, עַדֿ נוֺצְרִים מִמִּגְּדַּל בְּכָלעָֿרֵיהֶם מִבְצָר עִיר‎ 2 Kings 17:9 18:8; compare Numbers 13:9 (P; but on compare of ver. see Di); perhaps also ׳ע עֲמָלֵק‎ 1 Samuel 15:5 (HPS). — Hosea 7:4 see עור‎

Hiph`il

הַהֶרֶס עִיר‎ see הֶרֶס‎.