H1568. Gilad

גִּלְעָד‎ proper name, of a location of mountain-range or hill-country, land & city, east of Jordan (compare Arabic durus, fortis Frey, so Thes; Hi^{Geschichte. Israel 26} compare same √ used of camel ( camelus robustus ac firmus, compare Hom^{NS 144}), whence camel hump, originally name of mountain) — ׳ג‎ Genesis 37:25 79t. (mostly as

proper name, masculine and in combination with other

proper name, of a location compare below); ׳הַגּ‎ Genesis 31:21 50t. (so usually as name of mountain and land); גִּלְעָ֫דָה‎ Numbers 32:39; 1 Chronicles 27:21; הִגְּלְעָ֫דָה‎ 2 Samuel 24:6; — Gilead, used of territory between the Arnon and the Jabbok, modern Bel‡a; also of that between the Jabbok and the Jarmuk, modern Jebel Ajlûn; also of the entire east Jordan land occupied by Israel, including both the parts just named (compare Di Genesis 31:54 Stu Judges 10:4; Bd^{Pal 178}; also L. Oliphant^{Land of Gilead, 1880}); —

1 territory south of Jabbok,

a. הַגּ ׳אֶרֶץ‎ Numbers 32:29 (P), ג ׳אֶרֶץ‎ 32:1 (JE), both connected with Reuben and Gad; so הַגּ הַר ׳חֲצִי‎ Deuteronomy 3:12; ג ׳אֶרֶץ‎ also 1 Chronicles 5:9 (of Reuben); 1 Kings 4:19 (of Sihon and Og); compare וְג גַּד ׳אֶרֶץ‎ 1 Samuel 13:7; further,

b. ׳הַגּ‎ alone, Judges 10:17 (or possibly here name of city ?), 11:29 (probably); also 1 Chronicles 5:10 (of Reuben) 5:16 (of Gad); compare ׳הַגּ יַבֹּק וְעַד חֲצִי‎ Joshua 12:2 (of Sihon), so 12:5 (both D);

c. similarly ׳ג‎ alone (without article) in poetry Psalm 60:9 ("" Manasseh) = 108:9; but also in prose in phrases ג ׳שָׂרֵי‎ Judges 10:18, ג ׳ישְׁבֵי‎ 10:18; 11:8, ג ׳זִקְנֵי‎ 11:5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, ג ׳אַנְשֵׁי‎ 12:4 (twice in verse); 12:5; compare also

d. ׳הַגּ עָרֵי‎ Numbers 32:26 (J E; of Reuben and Gad); so of Jephthah's burial-place Judges 12:7; even ׳הַגּ כָּלעָֿרֵי‎ Joshua 13:25 (P; of Gad); besides these, or particular cities, especially בַּגּ ׳רָאמֹת‎ Deuteronomy 4:43 (of Gad); compare בַּגּ ׳רָאמוֺת‎ Joshua 20:8 (P), 1 Chronicles 6:65 (of Gad), and בַּגּ ׳רָמֹת‎ Joshua 21:38 (P); usually ג ׳רָמֹת‎ 1 Kings 4:13; 22:3-4, 6, 12, 15, 20, 29 2 Chronicles 18:2; 18:3; 18:5; 18:11; 18:14; 18:19; 18:28; 2 Kings 8:28; 9:1; 9:4; 9:14; 2 Chronicles 22:5; also ג ׳מִצְמֵּה‎ Judges 11:29 (twice in verse); further ג ׳יַעְזֵיר‎ 1 Chronicles 26:31.

2 Northern Gilead,

a. הַגּ ׳אֶרֶץ‎ Joshua 17:5-6, (J E; of Manasseh) compare Judges 10:4; 1 Chronicles 2:22 (both of Jair); הַגּ ׳הַר‎ Genesis 31:21, 23, 25 (E); probably also ג ׳הַר‎ (no article) Song of Solomon 4:1 (compare 6:5 below).

b. ׳הַגּ‎ alone Numbers 32:40 (J E; of Machir) Joshua 17:1 (J E; id.) compare 13:11 (D) Deuteronomy 2:36; 1 Kings 4:13 (of Jair); Deuteronomy 3:15-16, (boundary of Reuben and Gad); probably also Song of Solomon 6:5 (compare 4:1 above); compare הַגּ ׳יֶתֶר‎ Deuteronomy 3:13; & הַגּ ׳חֲצִי‎ Joshua 13:31 (P; of Machir); הַגִּלְעָ֫דָה‎ 2 Samuel 24:6 (probably); compare also

c. ׳ג‎ (no article) probably Jeremiah 8:22; 46:11 (in both reference to צֳרִי‎ balm, probably from the wooded Northern Gilead); similarly 22:6; and גִּלְעָ֫דָה‎ 1 Chronicles 27:21 also Numbers 32:39 (J E; of Machir).

d. in combination ג ׳יָבֵשׁ‎ (city) Judges 21:8-9, 10, 12, 14; 1 Samuel 11:1, 9 ("" יָבֵשׁ‎ alone) 31:11 ("" id.) = 1 Chronicles 10:11; 2 Samuel 2:4-5, 21:12; perhaps also ג ׳(מִ)תִּשְׁבֵּה‎ 1 Kings 17:1 (emendation, after ᵐ5‎, Ew Th and others see VB); — compare further below 6. proper name, masculine below — Judges 7:3 הַגּ מֵהַר ׳וְיִצְמֹּר‎ and let him depart from Mt. Gilead, apparently belongs here, but הַגִּלְבֹּעַ מֵהַר‎ is read by Cler Hi Gr Ke Be; against this compare Stu Bu^{RS 112.}

3 more Generally, of all Gilead,

a. הַגּ ׳אֶרֶץ‎ Joshua 22:9, 13, 15, 32 (P; of Reuben, Gad and Manasseh; opposed to land of Canaan); compare 2 Samuel 17:26; so הַגּ ׳כָּלאֶֿרֶץ‎ 2 Kings 10:38.

b. ג ׳אֶרֶץ‎ (no article) Zechariah 10:10; compare וְג אֶפְרַיִם ׳הַר‎ Jeremiah 50:19 ("" Carmel and Bashan); ׳ג‎ alone, also Genesis 37:25; likewise Micah 7:14 ("" Carmel & Bashan, reference to fertility).

c. ׳הַגּ‎ alone, of Israel territory in General east of Jordan, Judges 10:8; compare 2 Samuel 2:9; 2 Kings 10:33 (of Reuben, Gad and Manasseh); ׳כָּלהַֿגּ‎ Deuteronomy 3:10; ׳אֶתהַֿגּ אֶתכָּֿלהָֿאָרֶץ‎ 34:1; ׳הַגּ‎ also in General sense Ezekiel 47:18; 2 Kings 15:29 (?) Obadiah 19..

4 ׳ג‎, name of a city Hosea 6:8 (& Judges 10:17 ? compare

1. a. above); — on the ruined cities Jil±âd, Jil±aud on the Jebel Jil±âd, north of Es-Sal‰, and south of Jabbo‡ see Di Genesis 31:54 & references

5 הַגּ ׳אֶרֶץ‎ of Israelites living east of Jordan (as a whole) Judges 20:1; ׳הַגּ‎ of people of Gilead Amos 1:3, 13; so ׳ג‎ Judges 5:17 (= גַּד‎), 12:4-5, ("" ג ׳אַנְשֵׁי‎ 12:4; 12:4; 12:5) Hosea 12:12. compare also גִּלְעָדִי‎ below

6 treated as

proper name, masculine a. ׳ג‎, son of Machir & grandson of Manasseh Numbers 26:29 (twice in verse); 26:30; 27:1; 36:1; Joshua 17:3 (all P) 1 Chronicles 2:21, 23; 7:14, 17; once ׳הַגּ‎ Joshua 17:1 (JE) compare Di; — reference in all these to Northern Gilead.

b. father of Jephthah Judges 11:1-2, — reference to Gad (compare above especially below 5).

c. 1 Chronicles 5:14 (a Gadite).