H6588. pesha

מֶּ֫שַׁע‎ noun masculine Psalm 19:14 transgression; — absolute ׳פ‎ Exodus 22:8 +, מָּ֑שַׁע‎ Proverbs 10:9 +; construct מֶּשַׁע‎ Genesis 50:17 +; suffix מִּשְׁעִי‎ 31:16 14t. suffixes; plural מְּשָׁעִים‎ Proverbs 10:12; construct מִּשְׁעֵי‎ Amos 1:3 +, etc.; —

1 transgression against individuals Genesis 31:36; 50:17 (twice in verse); Exodus 22:8 (E), 1 Samuel 24:12; 25:28; Proverbs 10:19; 17:19; 29:6, 16, 22. ׳פ שְׂפָתַיִם‎ 12:13; אַהֲבָה תְּכַסֶה כלפֿשׁעים על‎ 10:12, compare 17:9; 19:11; 28:13.

2 of nation, against nation: Amos 1:3, 6, 9, 11, 13; 2:1; of land Proverbs 28:2. Elsewhere

3 against God:

a. in General, "" חטאת‎ Isaiah 58:1; 59:12; Micah 1:5 (twice in verse); 1:13; 3:8; Amos 5:12; "" עון‎ Ezekiel 21:29; Psalm 107:17; פ ׳עשׂה‎ Ezekiel 18:22, 28; פ ׳ביום‎ 33:12; פ ׳רַבּוּ‎ Isaiah 59:12; Job 35:6; Jeremiah 5:6(?); פ ׳חטאתו על יֹסִיף‎ Job 34:37 he addeth transgression unto his sin; פ ׳יִלְדֵי‎ Isaiah 57:4; personified as evil spirit, פשׁע נאם‎ Psalm 36:2.

b. as recognized by sinner; he knows it Psalm 51:5, makes known concerning it to ׳י‎ 32:5, does not cover it (כסה‎) Job 31:33; turns from it Isaiah 59:20; Ezekiel 18:30; casts it away from him 18:31.

c. God deals with it: by visiting it (פקד‎) Amos 3:14; Psalm 89:33, dealing with one according to it, כ עשׂה‎ Ezekiel 39:24, making it known to sinner Job 13:23; 36:9; punishing in various ways: ׳מִמּ‎ because of it Isaiah 53:5, 8; with על‎, acc. to it Amos 2:4, 6; Lamentations 1:5, 22; for it, with ב‎ Isaiah 50:1; פ ׳עֹל‎ Lamentations 1:14 yoke of transgression; personified, פ בְּיַד ׳וַיְשַׁלְּחֵם‎ Job 8:4; be does not grant forgiveness to it, ל נאשׂ ׳לאֹ‎ Exodus 23:21; Joshua 24:19(E).

d. God forgives (נשׂא‎) it Exodus 34:7; Numbers 14:18 (J), Job 7:21, compare Psalm 32:1; pardons (סלח‎) 1 Kings 8:50; passes over (על עבר‎, compare Proverbs 19:11) Micah 7:18; removes (הרחיק‎) Psalm 103:12; covers over (כפר‎) 65:4 ;-compare (of priest) מִפ עַלהַֿקֹּדֶשׁ ׳וְכִמֶּר‎ Leviticus 16:16, and confession of ׳פ‎ over (על‎) goat 16:21; — God blots out (מחה‎) Isaiah 43:25; 44:22; Psalm 51:3; אַלתִּֿזְכֹּר ׳וּפ‎ 25:7; delivers from, מן הציל‎ 39:9. — Job 35:15 read מֶּשַׁע‎ for פַשׁ‎ q. v.

4 guilt of transgression (compare עון‎

2), פ ׳בְּלִי‎ without (guilt of) transgression Job 33:9; 34:6; פ ׳לא‎ Psalm 59:4; ׳פ עלינו‎ Ezekiel 33:10; פ ׳עליה כבד‎ Isaiah 24:20; פ ׳בְּרֹב‎ Psalm 5:11; מפ ׳נקיתי‎ 19:14; יִמַּמְּאוּ‎: ׳בְּכָלפֿ‎ defile themselves with all (the guilt of) transgressions Ezekiel 14:11; 37:23; פ בִּצְרוֺר ׳חָתֻם‎ Job 14:17.

5 punishment for transgression, Daniel 8:12-13, 9:24, compare try עון‎ 3

6 offering for transgression, פשׁעי בכורי האתן‎ Micah 6:7 shall I give my first-born as an offering for my trunsgression (compare חטאת‎ 4).