H3196. yayin

יַ֫יִן‎₁₄₁ noun masculine^{Psalm 75:9} wine (Late Hebrew id.; Ethiopic : vitis, vinea, vinum; Arabic (black) grapes, see Hom^{ZMG 1889, 654}; Sabean וין‎ vineyard, Mordt^{ZMG 1887, 364} Hom^{l.c. 659} (both after Glaser); Assyrian inu in vocabularies, but this loan-word from western Shemites, according to Hom^{Aufsätze 102}; Jen^{ZA i, 186 f., ZMG 1890, 705} argues to the contrary) — absolute יַ֫יִן‎ Genesis 9:21 84t.; יָ֑יִן‎ 14:18 33t.; construct יַ֫יִן‎ Psalm 60:5; Song of Solomon 8:2; יֵין‎ Deuteronomy 32:18 9t.; suffix יֵינִי‎ Song of Solomon 5:1, etc.; — wine:

a. common drink, for refreshment Genesis 14:18 (E?) 27:25 (J), Judges 19:19; 2 Samuel 16:2; Amos 5:11; 9:14; Hosea 14:8; Job 1:13, 18; Daniel 1:5 +, tonic Proverbs 31:6; article of commerce Ezekiel 27:18; Nehemiah 13:15; among supplies in strongholds 2 Chronicles 11:11; as making merry 2 Samuel 13:28; Zechariah 9:15; 10:7; Esther 1:10; Ecclesiastes 9:7; 10:19; Psalm 104:15.

b. used for rejoicing before ׳י‎ Deuteronomy 14:26, compare Hosea 9:4; as drink-offering in prescribed ritual Exodus 29:40; Leviticus 23:13; Numbers 15:5, 7, 10; 28:14; among temple stores 1 Chronicles 9:29; used also in heathen ceremonial, see Deuteronomy 32:33.

c. intoxicating 1 Samuel 1:14; 25:37; Genesis 9:21, 24; 19:32-33, 34, 35 (all J), Isaiah 5:11, 22; Proverbs 21:17; 23:30-31, +; "" תִּירוֺשׁ‎ Hosea 4:11; "" שֵׁכָר‎ 1 Samuel 1:15; Micah 2:11; Isaiah 24:9; 28:7 (twice in verse); 56:12 12t.; forbidden to Nazirites Numbers 6:3 (twice in verse) (שֵׁכָר וְחֹמֶץ יַיִן חֹמֶץ‎), 6:4; 6:20, compare Amos 2:12; to Rechabites Jeremiah 35:2, 5f.; to mother of Samson Judges 13:4, 7, 14; to priests entering sanctuary Leviticus 10:9 (P), Ezekiel 44:21; unfitting for kings Proverbs 31:4.

d. combinations are: הַטּוֺב יֵין‎ Cant 7:10 = the best wine (read כַּיַּיִן‎ ?) Ges^{§ 133}. 3, R. 1; מַלְכוּת יֵין‎ Esther 1:7 royal wine; יַּיִן אֹצרְוֺת‎ 1 Chronicles 27:27 stores of wine, wine-supply; הָרֶקַח יַיִן‎ Song of Solomon 8:2 spiced wine; הַיַּיִן מִשְׁתֵּה‎ wine-feast Esther 5:6; 7:2, 7, 8; יַיִן סֹבְאֵי‎ Proverbs 23:20 wine-bibbers; יין נאֹד‎ wine-skin Joshua 9:4, 13; 1 Samuel 16:20; יין נֵבֶל‎ id. 1:24; 10:3; 25:18; 2 Samuel 16:1; Jeremiah 13:12 (twice in verse); הַיָּ֑יִן בֵּית‎ Song of Solomon 2:4 either wine-house, where wine is drunk, feasting-house (De and others), or place of wine = vineyard (Ew and others; compare יַיִן גֶּפֶן‎ Numbers 6:4).

e. metaphor of wisdom's drink Proverbs 9:2, 5, compare Isaiah 55:1; of ׳י‎s wrath Jeremiah 25:15 (היין כּוֺס‎); of confusion sent by תַּרְעֵלָה יַיִן ׳י,‎ wine of reeling Psalm 60:5, compare 75:9; of ׳י‎s awaking for vengeance, like a wine-shouter 78:65; of Babylon's fierce power Jeremiah 51:7; of love Song of Solomon 5:1; חֲמָסִים יֵין‎ Proverbs 4:17; in simile of one bursting with words Job 32:19; of disheartened prophet Jeremiah 23:9 (עֲבָרוֺיַיִן כְּגֶבֶר‎); of lover's mouth Cant 7:10 (see above); love is better than wine Cant 1:2; 4:10.